A set of measures to ensure the safe operation of a nuclear facility handling radioactive materials. Nuclear safety applies to nuclear power plants, experimental reactors, radioactive waste management facilities and many other fields of human activity in which radioactive materials are handled, such as medicine. These are activities designed to ensure the safe operation of facilities, the prevention of accidents and the management of the consequences if an accident does occur. Nuclear safety includes, for example, the training of nuclear power plant operators, the education of staff using X-ray instruments, the design of a nuclear reactor to incorporate inherent safety features, and the construction of a cask for the spent fuel storage.

The safety of nuclear facilities is supervised by a number of organisations, both domestic and international, e.g. the IAEA.